Chapter 8 - Line of Succession to the British Throne (2012)

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Succession to the British throne is determined by descent, sex, legitimacy, and religion. Under common law, the Crown is inherited by a sovereign's children or by a childless sovereign's nearest collateral line. The Bill of Rights 1689 and the Act of Settlement 1701 restrict succession to the throne to the legitimate Protestant descendants of Sophia of Hanover who are in "communion with the Church of England". Spouses of Catholics were disqualified from 1689 until the law was amended in 2015. Protestant descendants of those excluded for being Roman Catholics are eligible.

The United Kingdom is one of the Commonwealth realms, sovereign states that share the same person as a monarch and the same order of succession. In 2011, the prime ministers of the then-16 realms agreed unanimously to amend the rules of succession. Male-preference primogeniture was abandoned, meaning that males born after 28 October 2011 no longer precede females in line, and the ban on marriages to Catholics was lifted. The monarch still needs to be in communion with the Church of England. After the necessary legislation had been enacted by each realm's constitution, the changes took effect on 26 March 2015.

Queen Victoria
- King Edward VII
-- King George V
--- King Edward VIII
--- King George VI
---- Queen Elizabeth II

1º) Charles, Prince of Wales (1948-Present)

2º) William, Duke of Cambridge (1982-Present)

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2º) William, Duke of Cambridge (1982-Present)

3º) Princess Helena of Cambridge (2004-Present)

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3º) Princess Helena of Cambridge (2004-Present)

3º) Princess Helena of Cambridge (2004-Present)

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4º) Prince George of Cambridge (2012-Present)

4º) Prince George of Cambridge (2012-Present)

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5º) Prince Harry of Wales (1984-Present)

6º) Prince Andrew, Duke of York (1960-Present)

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6º) Prince Andrew, Duke of York (1960-Present)

7º) Princess Beatrice (1988-Present)

8º) Princess Euguenie (1990-Present)

9º) Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex (1964-Present)

10º) James Viscount (2007-Present)

11º) Lady Louise Mountbatten-Windsor (b. 2003-Present)

12º) Anne, Princess Royal (1950-Present)

13º) Peter Phillips (1977-Present)

14º) Zara Philips (1981-Present)

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